Pennsylvania Rules of Evidence
Current through January 1, 2026
Part 1 · General Provisions
Part 2 · Judicial Notice
Part 3 · Presumptions
Part 4 · Relevance And its Limits
- 401 Test for Relevant Evidence
- 402 General Admissibility of Relevant Evidence
- 403 Excluding Relevant Evidence for Prejudice, Confusion, Waste of Time, or Other Reasons
- 404 Character Evidence; Other Crimes, Wrongs, or Acts
- 405 Methods of Proving Character
- 406 Habit; Routine Practice
- 407 Subsequent Remedial Measures
- 408 Compromise Offers and Negotiations
- 409 Offers to Pay Medical and Similar Expenses
- 410 Pleas, Plea Discussions, and Related Statements
- 411 Liability Insurance
- 412 Sex Offense Cases: The Victim’s Sexual Behavior or Predisposition (Not Adopted)
- 413 Evidence of Immigration Status
Part 5 · Privileges
Part 6 · Witnesses
- 601 Competency
- 602 Need for Personal Knowledge
- 603 Oath or Affirmation to Testify Truthfully
- 604 Interpreter Deadlines
- 605 Judge’s Competency as a Witness
- 606 Juror’s Competency as a Witness
- 607 Who May Impeach a Witness, Evidence to Impeach a Witness
- 608 A Witness’s Character for Truthfulness or Untruthfulness
- 609 Impeachment by Evidence of a Criminal Conviction Deadlines
- 610 Religious Beliefs or Opinions
- 611 Mode and Order of Examining Witnesses and Presenting Evidence
- 612 Writing or Other Item Used to Refresh a Witness’s Memory
- 613 Witness’s Prior Inconsistent Statement to Impeach; Witness’s Prior Consistent Statement to Rehabilitate
- 614 Court’s Calling or Examining a Witness
- 615 Sequestering Witnesses
Part 7 · Opinions And Expert Testimony
Part 8 · Hearsay
- 801 Definitions That Apply to This Article
- 802 The Rule Against Hearsay Deadlines
- 803 Exceptions to the Rule Against Hearsay—Regardless of Whether the Declarant Is Available as a Witness
- 803.1 Exceptions to the Rule Against Hearsay—Testimony of Declarant Necessary
- 804 Exceptions to the Rule Against Hearsay—When the Declarant is Unavailable as a Witness
- 805 Hearsay Within Hearsay
- 806 Attacking and Supporting the Declarant’s Credibility
- 807 Residual Exception (Not Adopted)
Part 9 · Authentication And Identification
Part 10 · Contents Of Writings, Recordings, And Photographs
- 1001 Definitions That Apply to This Article
- 1002 Requirement of the Original
- 1003 Admissibility of Duplicates
- 1004 Admissibility of Other Evidence of Content
- 1005 Copies of Public Records to Prove Content
- 1006 Summaries to Prove Content
- 1007 Testimony or Statement of a Party to Prove Content
- 1008 Functions of the Court and Jury